 and
  and   
 
As an example, let's integrate the function   .  If we let u = x and
 .  If we let u = x and 
  then du = dx and
  then du = dx and   .  This leaves us with
 .  This leaves us with
  
 
That's not so bad.  Very often, it is easy to decide what to make
u and v.  But how about integrating   ?  There's only one function!
The trick here is to let
 ?  There's only one function!
The trick here is to let   and dv = dx.  Then du = (1/x)dx and
v = x so the integral becomes
  and dv = dx.  Then du = (1/x)dx and
v = x so the integral becomes
 